The second paradigm is that the computer architecture is hardware and software. Earlier, we used to study only the hardware aspects in the architecture of computers. No longer this is true. It is the combination of hardware and software that gives power to the computer and hence the architecture of a computer is hardware and software.
The third paradigm is to realise cyberspace through spontaneous communities. William Gibson conceived the concept of cyberspace in his science fiction. Cyberspace is the place where computers and people lived together.
The fourth paradigm is ubiquitous computing. It is no longer true that a computer should have a system unit, monitor and keyboard (as we know them today). Even the mobile phone, washing machine, the digital cameras are also computers. This has led to the concept of ubiquitous computing.
The next paradigm is in software components. If we want to develop hardware, lot of Integrated Circuits (ICs) is available which can be combined to make a circuit, we no longer need to design circuits using discrete components. However, we still write software from scratch whenever we need to develop a new application. But this is slowly changing. Similar to the hardware components (ICs) software component can be developed which
can be combined tougher to develop an application.
The last paradigm is that the whole Internet can be considered a computer. We can carry out distributed computing by making use of the resources of the Internet from our desktops and this paradigm shift "Internet is the Computer" is now the catchy slogan.
